Our April Issue of ACG "Smart Parts" will be focused on a topic that really impacts one of our most important Industry Guidelines. To me, other than Parts Gross Profit, Parts Stocking Status is perhaps the most important as it effects so many other important Parts Industry Guidelines.
Unfortunately, it's also one of the most misunderstood and inaccurate number, or "percentage" in many Dealer Management Systems, (DMS) today. Each system has basic Set Ups like Phase-In Criteria that should give us an idea what a "Normal Stocking Part", or "Active Part" should be versus Non-Stock, or "In-Active Parts.
Sounds simple up front as we set our own Phase-In Criteria that if met, and we choose to accept a part for phase-in, it "should" consider that part a Normal Stocking, or Active Part. Unfortunately, especially in today's world, this is not so simple anymore.
The ramifications of having an inaccurate percentage listed in our DMS could lead to a trickle-down effect of inaccuracies in other Industry Guideline areas as well. If our percentage of Normal Stocking Parts is inaccurate, then our First Time Off Shelf Fill Rate and Parts True Turns will also be inaccurate.
The lack of Lost Sales Reporting can also impact our Stocking Status as many demands go unrecorded that may drive more parts into that Normal Stocking or Active Status after potential Phase-In. Parts Phase-In is determined initially by Total Demands which are Parts Sales and Lost Sales.
When I mentioned above "in today's world", I was referring to parts that we purchase or "accept" today as New Proposals in the Manufacturers'' Vendor Managed Inventory, (VMI) Programs. This one impact alone will give every dealer in these programs inaccurate Stocking Status Percentages, which I will prove moving forward.
The Manufacturers' VMI Programs are just one of our "5 Factors" that impact our Stocking Status Percentages from either Stock, (Active), or Non-Stock, (In-Active). All "5 Factors" do all have one thing in common as they are all driven by initial DMS Set Ups.
You don't have to take my word for it; you can make that judgement for yourself when we break it all down. I'm quite sure that many of these "5 Factors" that we break down are currently impacting your Stocking Status Percentages.
Once again "Smart Parts" Readers! It's time to begin...
Back in the day, it was quite simple to distinguish what parts were Normal Stocking Parts versus those parts we considered as Non-Stock Parts. First of all, and in some systems, we have now added this new Stocking Status term of "Active" or "In-Active".
That in itself has added more confusion in Stocking Status Terms as believe it or not, we could have a Normal Stocking Part that is In-Active. On the other hand, we could have an Active Part that is a Non-Stock Part.
After all, we could have a part that has "Phased-In" based on our criteria as a Normal Stocking Part. Then, this part hits the Phase-Out Cycle point, but has not sold. Thus, we could have a part that's been on our shelf for a couple years as a Normal Stocking Part, but it's now "In-Active"!....are you confused yet?
Let's start with our "5 Factors that impact our Parts Stocking Status right from the beginning...
Number One: Parts Phase-In
Back in the day, we would start out by selecting our own Parts Phase-In Criteria, pretty much like we do today. Let's say that want to "potentially" Phase-In a part as a Normal Stock if the part had at least one demand, (Sale or Lost Sale) in 3 Separate Periods, (or Months) over the course of 7 Months.
Once we accept a part that has met the criteria, it would flip over to a Normal Stocking Part Status. Any part that has not met the criteria would remain in the Non-Stock "Default" Status, which is pretty simple math.
Once a part has run its course and starts to slow down, we would perhaps set our Parts Phase-Out Period, (or Month) at least one Period, (or Month) after the Phase-In Months Cycle. If our Phase-In Cycle covers 7 Months as we mentioned above, then the Parts Phase-Out Cycle has to be at least one day, or Month after the initial 7 Month Phase-In Cycle.
Unfortunately, and in many dealerships today, the Parts Phase-Out Criteria is set incorrectly. Many have their Parts Phase-Out Period or Month set before the Phase-In Cycle has completed.
An example would be to have the Parts Phase-Out begin at 6 Months when the Phase-In Period covers 7 Months. The end result is that parts will not Phase-Out properly and could be reordered again and be back on the shelf as "Purchased Obsolescence".
Number Two: Dealer Management Systems, (DMS)
Here's where things could potentially go downhill with inaccurate Parts Stocking Status depending on which DMS is used. Some systems still use the simple version of Normal Stocking Parts versus Non-Stock Parts as Stocking Status Criteria.
Now, we have many more systems out there that have thrown in "Active" or "In-Active" in their terminology for Normal Stocking Parts versus Non-Stock Parts with some using both terminologies. Stock, Non-Stock, Active and In-Active Parts are all suddenly in the mix and the confusion starts.
In my mind, an "Active" Part is a part that "sells" in the "Active" Cycle of 0 - 12 Months and that could even include Special Orders. An "In-Active" Part is a part that has not sold over 12 Months, based on Industry Guidelines.
Once a part hits the "correct" Phase-Out Period, it could be stated as "In-Active" but still be considered a Normal Stocking Part as it met Phase-In Criteria way back in the beginning. Depending on the DMS, Stocking Status can be affected or not affected and give false percentages in what is truly a Normal Stocking Part and a Non-Stock Part.
To me, and to keep it simple, a Normal Stocking Parts has to meet Phase-In Criteria. Once the part Phases-Out and goes beyond 12 Months - No Sales, it is a Non-Stock Part. Even in the case of GM which requires holding their RIM Parts for 15 Months.
They still need to be considered Non-Stock, or In-Active because they no longer meet Normal Stocking, or Active Status Guidelines. Problem is that some systems will not allow changing Stocking Status and make it "stick" as they will revert back to the previous Stocking Status.
Number Three: Manufacturers' Vendor Managed Inventory, (VMI) Programs
This one is the biggest contributor in inaccurate Stocking Status Percentages by far. If we accept a New Proposal of a part that the Manufacturer recommends based on Program Guidelines, we could be receipting and stocking a Non-Stock Part in our system right up front.
Quite simply and by the math, if we accept a part as a New Proposal, and if that part has not met our own Phase-In Criteria, it will be a Non-Stock Part in our DMS. Some systems allow the Parts Manager to do what's called a "Dealer Phase-In", (DP), but some systems do not allow the Parts Manager to force that part to Phase-In.
Dealertrack for example has a function to Change Status from "In-Active" to "Active", but the next day, it reverts back to "In-Active" Status. Even though we are accepting the Manufacturers' New Proposal as a Normal Stocking Part, it's considered a Non-Stock, or In-Active Part in the DMS.
As you can see, this will throw the percentages off between Normal Stocking Parts versus Non-Stock Parts. Especially when we have to meet basic Compliance Levels on these programs, many of these parts are considered Non-Stock, or "In-Active" until they potentially meet the DMS Phase-In Criteria.
If our DMS does allow us to manually "Dealer Phase-In" a part, the Parts Manager has to be aware and change these parts when they accept these New Proposals. Constant maintenance and awareness are key to getting the right Stocking Status Percentages.
Perhaps most important in any DMS is to have the right Phase-In Criteria to begin with. I've been into dealerships where the DMS has the wrong Phase-In Criteria that requires way too many demands to even have a chance to ever Phase-In.
Each DMS has their own particular "language" in setting Phase-In Criteria just by how it's worded. We may want parts to Phase-In with at Least 1 Demand in 3 Separate Periods, (or Months) over 7 Months, but if we don't read the wording correctly, it may end up as at Least 3 Demands in 3 Separate Periods, (or Months) over 7 Months.
The end result is that a part would have to have a total of 9 or more total demands in order to even be considered a Normal Stocking Part. A part may never even have a chance to become part of the Normal Stocking Part Family.
This could also affect VMI Parts from the Manufacturer as when they get accepted as a New Proposal, they would still have to meet the Phase-In Criteria in the DMS. This section could also be included in our Number One and our Number Two, but as you can see, these overall effects can be felt all around and impact Stocking Status Percentages.
Number Four: Sales Activity Over 12 Months
More confusion on its way on this one!...
Many Parts Managers and Dealers confuse Parts Sales Activity with Parts Obsolescence, which will be our Number 5 after this one. The key on this one is that we are referring to "Sales Activity" and not "No Sales" as we would consider as Obsolescence.
If a part sells that has been on the shelf that "sells" over 12 Months, that would be "Sales Activity" as the part was on the shelf for over 12 Months and now, we have a sale. This is important as this may impact whether a part is "Active" or "In-Active" depending on the DMS.
We could also have a part that is in the DMS as a Normal Stocking Part and has not sold in over 2 years. Stocking Status of Normal Stocking or Non-Stock should not be confused with overall "Sales Activity", even though it's tough not to be confused on this one.
Keep in mind that even though we may be confused, the DMS is not when it comes down to Stocking Status. Reason being that the DMS has to have input, such as criteria right up front to determine Stocking Status.
It's up to us as Parts Managers to determine what criteria we want initially that will give us the Proper Stocking Status. Input will determine the output and most important, accurate information that affects so many areas in meeting Industry Guidelines.
Number Five: Parts Obsolescence
Our Number "5 Factor" on Parts Stocking Status also plays a huge role in determining what parts we have that may be considered Normal Stocking Parts, or Active Parts versus Non-Stock Parts, or In-Active Parts.
Let's start out by defining what is Obsolescence by referring to a few facts that have been determined by Industry Analysts for years. If a part has not sold in 12 months, there is a 98% chance of No Future Sales.
On top of that, the IRS Straight Line Accounting Method says that any inventory, not just automotive parts are only worth half their value with No Sales over 12 months. This is why it has been pretty much a standard that Obsolescence Vendors start their offers at .50 cents or less on the dollar.
To keep it simple and with the above stated information, in my opinion, any part that does not sell over 12 Months is Obsolescence. Even though GM for example requires RIM Return Qualifications at 15 Months.
Whether we choose the 12 Months - No Sales timeline, or if we go with 18 Months - No Sales, the Stocking Status needs to be Non-Stock, In-Active, or whatever they call them in our DMS. Whether the DMS changes the Stocking Status or not, we have to find our own way of keeping up with the proper Stocking Status.
If we don't, we will never truly know what parts we have on our shelves are Normal Stocking Parts or Non-Stock Parts. Whether they are Active or not, the bottom line is that Obsolete Parts do not sell as we all know.
Our true Stocking Status Percentages of Normal Stocking, or Active versus Non-Stock, or In-Active Parts need to be as close as possible to being accurate. Otherwise, we cannot expect our First Time Fill Rates and Parts True Turns to be accurate as well.
Not as simple as it was years ago, but the purpose is still the same and what has not changed is the Initial Set Ups and Criteria have to be accurate first. We all know that phrase that still holds true today..."Garbage In, Garbage Out!"
If you want to learn more about ACG Smart Parts "Eight Habits of Highly Successful Parts Managers", visit our website @ www.smartpartstraining.com, or...just pick up the phone and call me at :
(786) 521 - 1720...After all, not knowing is not worth not "fixing" it...